Optical glass, precision press-molding preform, process for producing the preform, optical element and process for producing the element

ABSTRACT

An optical glass having high refractivity and a low sag temperature and having a low-temperature softening property that enables precision press-molding is provided, and the optical glass contains, by mol %, 5 to 50% of B 2 O 3 , 3 to 50% of SiO 2 , 5 to 40% of TiO 2 , 1 to 40% of ZnO, 5 to 20% of La 2 O 3 , 0 to 10% of Gd 2 O 3 , 0 to 15% of Nb 2 O 5 , 0 to 10% of ZrO 2 , 0 to 5% of Ta 2 O 5 , 0 to 10% of Bi 2 O 3 , 0 to 10% of MgO, 0 to 8% of CaO, 0 to 10% of SrO, 0 to 10% of BaO, provided that the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is 15% or less, 0 to 20% of Li 2 O, and 0 to 5% of Na 2 O, optionally containing Sb 2 O 3  as a refining agent, and having a refractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe&#39;s number (vd) of 35 or less.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an optical glass, a precisionpress-molding preform formed of the above optical glass, a process forproducing the preform, an optical element formed of the above opticalglass and a process for producing the element.

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

A high-refractivity low-dispersion glass is briskly in high demand as amaterial for optical elements such as various lenses. As a glass havingsuch optical properties, there are known a heavy tantalum flint glassTaSF17, and the like, which are described in “Glass CompositionHandbook” written by Hiroshi OGAWA and Shinei OGAWA and issued by JapanGlass Product Society, 1991, page 106.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

In recent years, with rapid widespread use of digital cameras, videocameras and the like, glass lenses as parts therefor are much in demand.On the other hand, with an increase in the pixels of the cameras,optical elements such as glass lenses are required to have highperformances, and it is required to produce optical elements formed of aglass having high form accuracy highly productively.

A precision press-molding method is known as a method for highlyproductively producing optical elements formed of a glass having highform accuracy. Any one of conventional glasses such as TaSF17 has a highglass transition temperature, and they are hence not suitable forprecision press-molding.

Overcoming the problems of the above conventional glasses, the firstobject of the present invention is to provide an optical glass that hasa high refractive index and that has a low sag temperature and alow-temperature softening property enabling precision press-molding.

Further, the second and third objects of the present invention are toprovide a precision press-molding formed of the optical glass thatachieves the above object and to provide a process for producing such aprecision press-molding preform.

Furthermore, the fourth and fifth objects of the present invention areto provide an optical element formed of the optical glass that achievesthe above object and a process for producing such an optical element.

The present inventors have made diligent studies and as a result havefound that the above objects can be achieved by an optical glasscomprising B₂O₃, SiO₂, TiO₂, ZnO and La₂O₃ which are co-present asessential components and having contents of these essential componentsand other optional components in predetermined ranges, and the presentinvention has been accordingly completed.

That is, the present invention provides

(1) an optical glass comprising, by mol %,

5 to 50% of B₂O₃,

3 to 50% of SiO₂,

5 to 40% of TiO₂,

1 to 40% of ZnO,

5 to 20% of La₂O₃,

0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃,

0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅,

0 to 10% of ZrO₂,

0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅,

0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃,

0 to 10% of MgO,

0 to 8% of CaO,

0 to 10% of SrO,

0 to 10% of BaO

provided that the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is 15% or less,

0 to 20% of Li₂O, and

0 to 5% of Na₂O,

optionally containing Sb₂O₃ as a refining agent, and having a refractiveindex (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number (vd) of 35 or less (to bereferred to as “glass I” hereinafter),

(2) an optical glass comprising, by mol %,

5 to 50% of B₂O₃,

3 to 50% of SiO₂,

5 to 40. % of TiO₂,

1 to 40% of ZnO,

5 to 20% of La₂O₃,

0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃,

0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅,

0 to 10% of ZrO₂,

0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅,

0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃,

0 to 10% of MgO,

0 to 8% of CaO,

0 to 10% of SrO,

0 to 10% of BaO, the content of BaO being less than 13% by weight,

provided that the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is 15% byweight or less,

0 to 20% of Li₂O,

0 to 5% of Na₂O,

0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃,

and having a refractive index (nd) of over 1.88 and an Abbe's number(vd) of 35 or less (to be referred to as “glass 2” hereinafter),

(3) an optical glass comprising, by mol %,

5 to 50% of B₂O₃,

3 to 50% of SiO₂,

5 to 40% of TiO₂,

1 to 40% of ZnO,

5 to 20% of La₂O₃,

0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃,

0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅,

0 to 10% of ZrO₂,

0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅,

0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃,

0 to 10% of MgO,

0 to 8% of CaO,

0 to 10% of SrO,

0 to 10% of BaO,

provided that the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is less than 6%by weight,

0 to 20% of Li₂O,

0 to 5% of Na₂O, and

0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃, the amount of Sb₂O₃ being 1% by weight or less,

and having a refractive index of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number (vd)of 35 or less (to be referred to as hereinafter),

(4) an optical glass comprising, by mol %,

25 to 50% of B₂O₃, the content of B₂O₃ being over 15% by weight,

3 to 50% of SiO₂,

5 to 40% of TiO₂,

1 to 40% of ZnO,

5 to 20% of La₂O₃,

0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃,

0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅,

0 to 10% of ZrO₂,

0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅,

0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃,

0 to 10% of MgO,

0 to 8% of CaO,

0 to 10% of SrO,

0 to 10% of BaO, the content of BaO being less than 13% by weight,

provided that the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is less than15% by weight,

0 to 20% of Li₂O,

0 to 5% of Na₂O, and

0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃, the amount of Sb₂O₃ being 1% by weight or less,

and having a refractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number(vd) of 35 or less (to be referred to as “glass 4” hereinafter),

(5) an optical glass comprising, by mol %,

5 to 50% of B₂O₃,

3 to 50% of SiO₂,

5 to 40% of TiO₂,

1 to 40% of ZnO,

5 to 20% of La₂O₃,

0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃,

0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅,

0 to 10% of ZrO₂,

0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅,

0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃,

0 to 10% of MgO,

0 to 8% of CaO,

0 to 10% of SrO,

0 to 10% of BaO, the content of BaO being less than 13% by weight,

provided that the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is less than15% by weight,

2 to 20% of Li₂O, the content of Li₂O being over 2% by weight,

0 to 5% of Na₂O, and

0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃, the amount of Sb₂O₃ being 1% by weight or less,

and having a refractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number(vd) of 35 or less (to be referred to as “glass 5” hereinafter),

(6) an optical glass comprising, by mol %,

25 to 50% of B₂O₃, the content of B₂O₃ being over 17% by weight,

3 to 50% of SiO₂,

5 to 40% of TiO₂,

1 to 40% of ZnO,

5 to 20% of La₂O₃,

0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃,

0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅,

0 to 10% of ZrO₂,

0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅,

0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃,

0 to 10% of MgO,

0 to 8% of CaO,

0 to 10% of SrO,

0 to 10% of BaO, the content of BaO being less than 13% by weight,

2 to 20% of Li₂O, the content of Li₂O being over 2% by weight,

0 to 5% of Na₂O, and

0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃, the amount of Sb₂O₃ being 1% by weight or less,

and having a refractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number(vd) of 35 or less (to be referred to as “glass 6” hereinafter),

(7) an optical glass comprising, by mol %,

5 to 50% of B₂O₃,

3 to 50% of SiO₂,

12 to 40% of TiO₂, the content of TiO₂ being over 12% by weight but notmore than 30% by weight,

1 to 40% of ZnO,

5 to 20% of La₂O₃,

0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃,

0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅,

0 to 10% of ZrO₂,

0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅,

0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃,

0 to 10% of MgO,

0 to 8% of CaO,

0 to 10% of SrO,

0 to 10% of BaO, the content of BaO being less than 13% by weight,

provided that the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is less than 6%by weight,

0 to 20% of Li₂O,

0 to 5% of Na₂O, and

0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃, the amount of Sb₂O₃ being less than 1% by weight,

and having a refractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number(vd) of 35 or less (to be referred to as “glass 7” hereinafter),

(8) an optical glass comprising, by mol %,

5 to 50% of B₂O₃,

3 to 20% of SiO₂, the content of SiO₂ being less than 8% by weight,

5 to 40% of TiO₂,

1 to 40% of ZnO,

5 to 20% of La₂O₃,

0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃,

0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅,

0 to 10% of ZrO₂,

0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅,

0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃,

0 to 10% of MgO,

0 to 8% of CaO,

0 to 10% of SrO,

0 to 10% of BaO, the content of BaO being less than 13% by weight,

2 to 20% of Li₂O, the content of Li₂O being over 2% by weight,

0 to 5% of Na₂O, and

0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃, the amount of Sb₂O₃ being 1% by weight or less,

and having a refractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number(vd) of 35 or less (to be referred to as “glass 8” hereinafter),

(9) an optical glass comprising, by mol %,

5 to 50% of B₂O₃,

3 to 20% of SiO₂, the content of SiO₂ being less than 8% by weight,

5 to 40% of TiO₂,

1 to 40% of ZnO,

5 to 20% of La₂O₃,

0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃,

0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅,

0 to 10% of ZrO₂,

0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅,

0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃,

0 to 10% of MgO,

0 to 8% of CaO,

0 to 10% of SrO,

0 to 10% of BaO, the content of BaO being less than 13% by weight,

0 to 20% of Li₂O,

0 to 5% of Na₂O, and

0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃,

and having a refractive index (nd) of over 1.88 and an Abbe's number(vd) of 35 or less (to be referred to as “glass 9” hereinafter),

(10) the optical glass of any one of the above (1), (2), (3), (4), (7)and (9), which contains 1 to 20 mol % of Li₂O,

(11) the optical glass of any one of the above (1), (3), (4), (5), (6),(7) and (8), which contains over 27% by weight of La₂O₃,

(12) the optical glass of any one of the above (1), (3), (4), (5), (6),(7) and (8), which contains 16% by weight or less of TiO₂,

(13) the optical glass of any one of the above (1), (3), (4) and (7),which contains over 27% by weight of La₂O₃ and 1 to 20 mol % of Li₂O,

(14) the optical glass of any one of the above (1) to (12), wherein thecontent of CaO is less than 5% by weight,

(15) the optical glass of any one of the above (1) to (13), which has asag temperature of 670° C. or lower,

(16) the optical glass of any one of the above (1) to (14), which is foruse in precision press-molding,

(17) a precision press-molding preform formed of the optical glass ofthe above (15),

(18) a process for producing a precision press-molding preform formed ofa glass, which comprises separating a molten glass from a flowing glassand shaping the molten glass into a preform during cooling of the moltenglass,

wherein said glass is the optical glass of the above (15),

(19) an optical element formed of the optical glass of any one of theabove (1) to (15),

(20) a process for producing an optical element, which comprises heatinga precision press-molding preform formed of a glass and precisionpress-molding the preform with a press mold,

wherein the preform of the above (17) is used as the precisionpress-molding preform,

(21) a process for producing an optical element, which comprises heatinga precision press-molding preform formed of a glass and precisionpress-molding the preform with a press mold,

wherein a preform produced by the process of the above (18) is used asthe precision press-molding preform,

(22) the process for producing an optical element as recited in theabove (20) or (21), wherein the press mold and the preform are heatedtogether to precision press-mold the preform with the press mold, and

(23) the process for producing an optical element as recited in theabove (20) or (21), wherein the press mold is pre-heated, and thepreform is pre-heated separately from the press mold and introduced intothe pre-heated press mold to precision press-mold the preform with thepress mold.

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION

According to the present invention, there can be obtained an opticalglass having a high refractive index and a low sag temperature andhaving a low-temperature softening property that enables precisionpress-molding, and there can be obtained a precision press-moldingpreform formed of the above optical glass and an optical element formedof the above optical glass.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of a precision press-molding apparatusused in Example.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

[Optical Glass]

The optical glass of the present invention will be explained first.

The optical glass of the present invention is a high-refractivity glasshaving a refractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number (vd)of 35 or less, and has a low-temperature softening property suitable forprecision press-molding. Further, when a glass preform for precisionpress-molding is shaped directly from a molten glass thereof, theoptical glass of the present invention does not easily undergocrystallization and has excellent glass stability.

For realizing the above various properties, the optical glass of thepresent invention contains B₂O₃ and SiO₂ as essential components forforming a glass network, contains TiO₂ and La₂O₃ as essential componentsfor increasing the refractive index and contains ZnO as an essentialcomponent for imparting the optical glass with the low-temperaturesoftening property while maintaining the high refractivity. The opticalglass of the present invention has the above B₂O₃—SiO₂—TiO₂—ZnO—La₂O₃composition system, in which the contents of alkaline earth metal oxidessuch as MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO are limited and the contents of divalentcomponents (MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO, ZnO, etc.) are arranged to be occupiedby the content of ZnO, and are preferably arranged to be occupied by thecontents of ZnO and Li₂O.

Glass components for constituting the glasses 1 to 9 included in theoptical glass of the present invention will be explained in detailbelow. Percents (%) for the content of each component and each of totalcontents thereof will stand for mol % unless otherwise specified.

B₂O₃ is an essential component for the glass network of the opticalglass. When it is introduced to excess, the refractive index (nd) isdecreased. Therefore, in the glasses 1 to 3, 5 and 7 to 9, the contentof B₂O₃ is 5 to 50%, preferably 10 to 40%, more preferably 10 to 38%. Inthe glasses 4 and 6, the content of B₂O₃ is 25 to 50% (however, thecontent thereof in the glass 4 is adjusted such that it is over 15% byweight, and the content thereof in the glass 6 is adjusted such that itis over 17% by weight).

SiO₂ is an essential component that works to improve the optical glassin stability. When it is introduced to excess, the refractive index isdecreased, and the sag temperature is increased. Therefore, the contentof SiO₂ in the glasses 1 to 7 is 3 to 50%, preferably 5 to 20%, morepreferably 5 to 18%, and the content of SiO₂ in the glasses 8 and 9 is 3to 20% (however, the content thereof is adjusted such that it is lessthan 8% by weight).

In addition, one of the objects of the optical glass of the presentinvention is to have a low-temperature softening property suitable forprecision press-molding, and the effect of B₂O₃ is superior to theeffect of SiO₂ in this regard, so that it is preferred to adjust thecontents of B₂O₃ and SiO₂ by weight ratio such that the content of B₂O₃is larger than the content of SiO₂. It is more preferred to adjust theweight ratio of the B₂O₃ content/SiO₂ content to 1.2 or more, and it isstill more preferred to adjust the above weight ratio to 1.3 or more.The above property is common to the glasses 1 to 9 included in theoptical glass of the present invention. B₂O₃ and SiO₂ are introduced soas to satisfy the above relationship, and in this case, there can bealso obtained a glass that is less colored and that has high lighttransmissivity in the visible light region.

TiO₂ is an essential component for increasing the refractive index. Whenit is introduced to excess, however, the optical glass is degraded instability and is colored. Therefore, the content of TiO₂ in the glasses1 to 6, 8 and 9 is 5 to 40%, preferably 10 to 40%, more preferably 10 to35%, still more preferably 10 to 32%. The content of TiO₂ in the glass 7is 12 to 40% (however, the content thereof is adjusted such that it isover 12% by weight but not more than 30% by weight). Further, thecontent of TiO₂ in the glasses 1 and 3 to 8 is preferably 16% by weightor less.

ZnO is introduced such that the content thereof is 1% or more, forimparting the optical glass with the low-temperature softening propertywhile maintaining the high refractivity. When it is introduced toexcess, the optical glass is degraded in stability, so that the contentof ZnO is limited to 40% or less. The content of ZnO is preferably 3 to35%, more preferably 5 to 32%.

La₂O₃ is introduced such that the content thereof is 5% or more, forimparting the optical glass with the high-refractivity andlow-dispersion properties. When it is introduced to excess, the opticalglass is degraded in stability, so that the content of La₂O₃ is limitedto 20% or less. The content of La₂O₃ is preferably 5 to 18%, morepreferably 5 to 17%. La₂O₃ is relatively a component that increases therefractive index without coloring the optical glass. For obtaining anoptical glass having a refractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more, or theglasses 1 and 3 to 8 in particular, therefore, the content thereof ispreferably adjusted such that it is over 27% by weight, and it is morepreferably adjusted to 30% by weight or more.

Gd₂O₃ is an optional component for imparting the optical glass withhigh-refractivity low-dispersion properties. When it is introduced toexcess, the optical glass is degraded in stability, so that the contentof Gd₂O₃ is limited to 0 to 10%. The content of Gd₂O₃ is preferably 0 to8%, more preferably 0.5 to 5%.

Nb₂O₅ is an optional component for increasing the refractive index. Whenit is introduced to excess, the optical glass is degraded in stability,and the liquidus temperature is increased, so that the content of Nb₂O₅is limited to 0 to 15%. The content of Nb₂O₅ is preferably 1 to 10%,more preferably 1 to 8%.

ZrO₂ is an optional component that works to increase the refractiveindex. However, when it is introduced to excess, the optical glass isdegraded in stability, and the liquidus temperature is increased, sothat the content of ZrO₂ is limited to 0 to 10%. The content of ZrO₂ ispreferably 1 to 8%, more preferably 1 to 5%.

Ta₂O₅ is an optional component that increases the refractive index.However, when it is introduced to excess, the optical glass is degradedin stability, so that the content of Ta₂O₅ is limited to 0 to 5%. Thecontent of Ta₂O₅ is preferably 0 to 4%, more preferably 0 to 3%.

Bi₂O₃ is an optional component that increases the refractive index andimproves the optical glass in stability. However, when it is introducedto excess, the optical glass is colored, so that the content of Bi₂O₃ islimited to 0 to 10%. The content of Bi₂O₃ is preferably 0 to 6%, morepreferably 0 to 4%.

MgO is an optional component that works to improve the glass inmeltability. However, when it is introduced to excess, the glass isdegraded in refractivity and stability, so that the content of MgO islimited to 0 to 10%. The content of MgO is preferably 0 to 8%, morepreferably 0 to 6%.

CaO works to improve the glass in meltability and is an optionalcomponent for adjusting optical constants. However, when it isintroduced to excess, the optical glass is degraded in refractivity andstability, so that the content of CaO is limited to 0 to 8%. The contentof CaO is preferably less than 5% by weight, more preferably 4% byweight or less, still more preferably 0 to 6%.

SrO is an optional component that works to improve the optical glass inmeltability. However, when it is introduced to excess, the optical glassis degraded in refractivity and stability, so that the content of SrO islimited to 0 to 10%. The content of SrO is preferably 0 to 8%, morepreferably 0 to 6%.

BaO is an optional component that works to increase the refractiveindex. However, when it is introduced to excess, the optical glass isdegraded in stability, so that the content of BaO is limited to 0 to10%. The content of BaO is preferably 1 to 8%, more preferably 1 to 6%.In the glasses 2 and 4 to 9, the content of BaO is limited to less than13% by weight.

The total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO in the glass 1 is limited to15% or less, the above total content in each of the glasses 2, 4 and 5is limited to less than 15% by weight, and the above total content ineach of the glasses 3 and 7 is limited to less than 6% by weight. Theseconditions are imposed on the optical glass for the following reason.The total content to divalent components such as the above alkalineearth metal oxides and ZnO is limited, and of these divalent components,ZnO alone works to decrease the sag temperature of the optical glass.Although the total content is limited, therefore, a necessary amount ofZnO is to be secured for maintaining or improving the stability of theoptical glass. In addition, in the glasses 1, 6, 8 and 9, the totalcontent of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is also preferably limited to less than15% by weight, more preferably, to 14% by weight or less.

Li₂O is a component that highly effectively decreases the glasstransition temperature. However, when it is introduced to excess, notonly the refractive index is decreased, but also the optical glass isdegraded in stability. Therefore, the content of Li₂O in each of theglasses 1 to 4, 7 and 9 is limited to 0 to 20%, preferably, to 1 to 20%,more preferably, to 2 to 20%, still more preferably 4 to 15%, and thecontent in each of the glasses 5, 6 and 8 is limited to 2 to 20%(however, the content of Li₂O is adjusted such that it is over 2% byweight). Further, in the glasses 1, 3, 4 and 7, preferably, the contentof La₂O₃ is adjusted such that it is over 27% by weight, and the contentof Li₂O is adjusted to 1 to 20%.

Na₂O is a component that works to improve the optical glass inmeltability. However, when it is introduced to excess, the optical glassis degraded in refractivity and stability, so that the content of Na₂Ois limited to 0 to 5%. The content of Na₂O is preferably 0 to 4%, morepreferably 0 to 3%.

Alkali metal oxides such as Li₂O, Na₂O, K₂O, etc., all work to improvethe optical glass in meltability. However, Li₂O, Na₂O and K₂O greatlydiffer in the effect on the decreasing of the glass transitiontemperature, and the above effect is the greatest when Li₂O isintroduced. In addition to these, ZnO is also a component that has aneffect on the decreasing of the glass transition temperature as well.Both ZnO and Li₂O improve the low-temperature softening property withoutdecreasing the refractive index. In the optical glass of the presentinvention, therefore, the method of introducing ZnO and the alkali metaloxides can be largely classified into two types.

In the first type, a decrease in the glass transition temperature isattained mainly by ZnO, and the total content of Li₂O, Na₂O and K₂O issuppressed. The above total content (Li₂O+Na₂O+K₂O) is preferably lessthan 1.5% by weight, more preferably 1% by weight or less. It can besaid that the first type constitutes preferred embodiments of theglasses 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 9.

In the second type, ZnO is used as an essential component and thecontent of Li₂O is adjusted such that it is the largest among the alkalimetal oxides. An optical glass in which the content of Li₂O is greaterthan each of the content of Na₂O and the content of K₂O in terms ofweight ratio is preferred, and an optical glass in which the content ofLi₂O is greater than the total content of Na₂O and K₂O in terms ofweight ratio is more preferred. It can be said that the second typeconstitutes preferred embodiments of the glasses 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 9that contain Li₂O (those in which the content of Li₂O is over 0% interms of both weight percent and mol %) and the glasses 5, 6 and 8.

Sb₂O₃ is a refining agent that can be added as required. In the glasses2 to 9, the amount of Sb₂O₃ is 0 to 1%. In the glasses 3 to 8, theamount of Sb₂O₃ is limited to 1% by weight or less for preventing damagecaused on the molding surface of a press mold by oxidation duringprecision press-molding. In the glasses 1, 2 and 9, it is as wellpreferred to limit the amount of Sb₂O₃ to 1% by weight or less.

For attaining more preferable properties with regard to variousproperties of the above optical glass, it is preferred to adjust thetotal amount of the total content of the above glass components and theamount of Sb₂O₃ to at least 98%, it is more preferred to adjust theabove total amount such that it is over 99%, and it is still morepreferred to adjust the above total amount to 100%.

In the optical glass of the present invention, WO₃ is one of componentswhose introduction is undesirable. That is because it is considered thatthe introduction of WO₃ degrades the optical glass in stability.

Further, it is also desirable not to introduce components that causeenvironmentally detrimental effects such as PbO and As₂O₃ into theoptical glass of the present invention. These components are alsoundesirable for precision press-molding. In a glass containing PbO, PbOon the glass surface is reduced in a non-oxidizing atmosphere(particularly, a reducing atmosphere containing a reducing gas such ashydrogen, or the like) during precision press-molding to be precipitatedon the glass surface, and the precipitate adheres to a press mold tocause the surface accuracy of a precision press-molded product todecrease. As₂O₃ oxidizes the molding surface of a press mold to causethe molding surface to be damaged.

Further, except for a case where the optical glass is imparted with thefunction to absorb light in a specific wavelength region by coloring it,it is desirable not to introduce components such as Cu, Fe, Cd, Cr, Ni,Co, and the like.

F can be introduced so long as its amount is small. However, when aprecision press-molding is shaped directly from a molten glass, F isvolatilized from the glass surface to cause defects such as striae,etc., or to cause a variation in optical properties such as a refractiveindex, etc., in some cases so that non-introduction of F is preferred.

Compositions of the glasses 1 to 9 included in the optical glass of thepresent invention will be explained below.

(Glass 1)

The glass 1 is an optical glass comprising, by mol %,

5 to 50% of B₂O₃,

3 to 50% of SiO₂,

5 to 40% of TiO₂,

1 to 40% of ZnO,

5 to 20% of La₂O₃,

0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃,

0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅,

0 to 10% of ZrO₂,

0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅,

0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃,

0 to 10% of MgO,

0 to 8% of CaO,

0 to 10% of SrO,

0 to 10% of BaO

provided that the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is 15% or less,

0 to 20% of Li₂O, and

0 to 5% of Na₂O,

optionally containing Sb₂O₃ as a refining agent, and having a refractiveindex (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number (vd) of 35 or less.

In the glass 1, the contents of divalent components such as MgO, CaO,SrO, BaO and ZnO are brought to ranges where the glass stability ismaintained, and the contents of the divalent components are arranged tobe occupied mainly by ZnO that greatly contributes to an improvement inthe low-temperature softening property. Therefore, the total content ofMgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is limited to 15% or less, preferably, to 13% orless, and the contents of MgO and CaO which do not contribute to highrefractivity among the alkaline earth metal oxides are limited to 10% orless and 8% or less, respectively. A proper amount of Sb₂O₃ isincorporated into the above glass composition not as a glass componentbut as a refining agent. The amount of Sb₂O₃ can be 1% or less as astandard amount, and the amount of Sb₂O₃ is preferably 0 to 1% byweight.

(Glass 2)

The glass 2 is an optical glass comprising, by mol %,

5 to 50% of B₂O₃,

3 to 50% of SiO₂,

5 to 40% of TiO₂,

1 to 40% of ZnO,

5 to 20% of La₂O₃,

0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃,

0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅,

0 to 10% of ZrO₂,

0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅,

0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃,

0 to 10% of MgO,

0 to 8% of CaO,

0 to 10% of SrO,

0 to 10% of BaO, the content of BaO being less than 13% by weight,

provided that the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is 15% byweight or less,

0 to 20% of Li₂O,

0 to 5% of Na₂O,

0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃,

and having a refractive index (nd) of over 1.88 and an Abbe's number(vd) of 35 or less.

In the glass 2, the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is as welllimited to less than 15% by weight, preferably to 14% by weight or less,and the contents of MgO and CaO are limited to 10% or less and 8% orless, respectively, for realizing a high-refractivity glass having arefractive index (nd) of over 1.88, preferably 1.89 or more, whilemaintaining the glass stability and imparting the glass with thelow-temperature softening property. BaO is a component that contributesto higher refractivity among the alkaline earth metal oxides. However,for realizing the low-temperature softening property while maintainingthe glass stability, the content of BaO is limited to less than 13% byweight, and the content of BaO is preferably 12.5% by weight or less,more preferably 12% by weight or less.

(Glass 3)

The glass 3 is an optical glass comprising, by mol %,

5 to 50% of B₂O₃,

3 to 50% of SiO₂,

5 to 40% of TiO₂,

1 to 40% of ZnO,

5 to 20% of La₂O₃,

0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃,

0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅,

0 to 10% of ZrO₂,

0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅,

0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃,

0 to 10% of MgO,

0 to 8% of CaO,

0 to 10% of SrO,

0 to 10% of BaO,

provided that the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is less than 6%by weight,

0 to 20% of Li₂O,

0 to 5% of Na₂O, and

0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃, the amount of Sb₂O₃ being 1% by weight or less,

and having a refractive index of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number (vd)of 35 or less.

In the glass 3, the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is as welllimited to less than 6% by weight, preferably to 5% by weight or less,and the contents of MgO and CaO are also limited to 10% or less and 8%or less, respectively, for realizing a high-refractivity glass having arefractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more while maintaining the glassstability and imparting the glass with the low-temperature softeningproperty. Further, the amount of Sb₂O₃ which is optionally added as arefining agent is limited to 1% by weight or less for preventing damageon the molding surface of a press mold by oxidation during precisionpress-molding.

(Glass 4)

The glass 4 is an optical glass comprising, by mol %,

25 to 50% of B₂O₃, the content of B₂O₃ being over 15% by weight,

3 to 50% of SiO₂,

5 to 40% of TiO₂,

1 to 40% of ZnO,

5 to 20% of La₂O₃,

0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃,

0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅,

0 to 10% of ZrO₂,

0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅,

0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃,

0 to 10% of MgO,

0 to 8% of CaO,

0 to 10% of SrO,

0 to 10% of BaO, the content of BaO being less than 13% by weight,

provided that the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is less than15% by weight,

0 to 20% of Li₂O,

0 to 5% of Na₂O, and

0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃, the amount of Sb₂O₃ being 1% by weight or less,

and having a refractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number(vd) of 35 or less.

In the glass 4, the content of B₂O₃ as a network-forming component islimited to 25 to 50% (however, the content thereof is over 15% byweight) for improving the glass in stability. The content of B₂O₃ ispreferably 28 to 50% (however, the content thereof is 15.5% by weight ormore), more preferably 30 to 47% (however, the content thereof is 16% byweight or more). The upper limit of the content of B₂O₃ is particularlypreferably 40%. Further, for realizing a high-refractivity glassmaintaining glass stability, having the low-temperature softeningproperty and a refractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more, the total contentof MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is limited to less than 15% by weight,preferably to 14% by weight of less, the content of MgO is limited to10% or less, the content of CaO is limited to 8% or less, and Zno isused as an essential component. BaO is a component that contributes tohigher refractivity among the alkaline earth metal oxides. However, forrealizing the low-temperature softening property while maintaining theglass stability, the content of BaO is limited to less than 13% byweight, and the content of BaO is preferably 12.5% by weight or less,more preferably 12% by weight or less. Further, the amount of Sb₂O₃which is optionally added as a refining agent is limited to 1% by weightor less for preventing damage on the molding surface of a press mold byoxidation during precision press-molding.

(Glass 5)

The glass 5 is an optical glass comprising, by mol %,

5 to 50% of B₂O₃,

3 to 50% of SiO₂,

5 to 40% of TiO₂,

1 to 40% of ZnO,

5 to 20% of La₂O₃,

0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃,

0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅,

0 to 10% of ZrO₂,

0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅,

0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃,

0 to 10% of MgO,

0 to 8% of CaO,

0 to 10% of SrO,

0 to 10% of BaO, the content of BaO being less than 13% by weight,

provided that the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is less than15% by weight,

2 to 20% of Li₂O, the content of Li₂O being over 2% by weight,

0 to 5% of Na₂O, and

0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃, the amount of Sb₂O₃ being 1% by weight or less,

and having a refractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number(vd) of 35 or less.

In the glass 5, for realizing a high-refractivity glass maintainingglass stability, having the low-temperature softening property and arefractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more, the total content of MgO, CaO, SrOand BaO is as well limited to less than 15% by weight, preferably to 14%by weight or less, and the contents of MgO and CaO are limited to 10% orless and 8% or less, respectively. BaO is a component that contributesto higher refractivity among the alkaline earth metal oxides. However,for realizing the low-temperature softening property while maintainingthe glass stability, the content of BaO is limited to less than 13% byweight, and the content of BaO is preferably 12.5% by weight or less,more preferably 12% by weight or less. In the glass 5, 2 to 20%(however, over 2% by weight) of Li₂O is introduced from the point ofview of realizing a glass more suitable for precision press-molding bydecreasing the sag temperature of the glass while maintaining highrefractivity. Further, the amount of Sb₂O₃ which is optionally added asa refining agent is limited to 1% by weight or less for preventingdamage on the molding surface of a press mold by oxidation duringprecision press-molding.

(Glass 6)

The glass 6 is an optical glass comprising, by mol %,

25 to 50% of B₂O₃, the content of B₂O₃ being over 17 % by weight,

3 to 50% of SiO₂,

5 to 40% of TiO₂,

1 to 40% of ZnO,

5 to 20% of La₂O₃,

0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃,

0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅,

0 to 10% of ZrO₂,

0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅,

0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃,

0 to 10% of MgO,

0 to 8% of CaO,

0 to 10% of SrO,

0 to 10% of BaO, the content of BaO being less than 13% by weight,

2 to 20% of Li₂O, the content of Li₂O being over 2% by weight,

0 to 5% of Na₂O, and

0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃, the amount of Sb₂O₃ being 1% by weight or less,

and having a refractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number(vd) of 35 or less.

In the glass 6, the content of B₂O₃ as a network-forming component islimited to 25 to 50% (however, over 17% by weight) for improving theglass in stability. The content of B₂O₃ is preferably 28 to 50%(however, the content thereof of is 17.5% by weight or more), morepreferably 30 to 50% (however, the content thereof is 18% by weight ormore). The upper limit of the content of B₂O₃ is particularly preferably40%. Further, for realizing a high-refractivity glass having arefractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more while maintaining the glassstability and imparting the glass with the low-temperature softeningproperty, the contents of MgO and CaO are limited to 10% or less and 8%or less, respectively, and ZnO is used as an essential component. BaO isa component that contributes to higher refractivity among the alkalineearth metal oxides. However, for realizing the low-temperature softeningproperty while maintaining the glass stability, the content of BaO islimited to less than 13% by weight, and the content of BaO is preferably12.5% by weight or less, more preferably 12% by weight or less. From thepoint of view of realizing a glass more suitable for precisionpress-molding by decreasing the sag temperature of the glass whilemaintaining high refractivity, 2 to 20% (however, over 2% by weight) ofLi₂O is introduced, and preferably, 2.5% by weight or more of Li₂O isintroduced. Further, the amount of Sb₂O₃ which is optionally added as arefining agent is limited to 1% by weight or less for preventing damageon the molding surface of a press mold by oxidation during precisionpress-molding.

(Glass 7)

The glass 7 is an optical glass comprising, by mol %,

5 to 50% of B₂O₃,

3 to 50% of SiO₂,

12 to 40% of TiO₂, the content of TiO₂ being over 12% by weight but notmore than 30% by weight,

1 to 40% of ZnO,

5 to 20% of La₂O₃,

0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃,

0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅,

0 to 10% of ZrO₂,

0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅,

0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃,

0 to 10% of MgO,

0 to 8% of Cao,

0 to 10% of SrO,

0 to 10% of BaO, the content of BaO being less than 13% by weight,

provided that the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is less than 6%by weight,

0 to 20% of Li₂O,

0 to 5% of Na₂O, and

0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃, the amount of Sb₂O₃ being less than 1% by weight,

and having a refractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number(vd) of 35 or less.

In the glass 7, the content of TiO₂ as a component for increasing therefractive index is limited to 12 to 40% (however, the content thereofis limited to over 12% by weight but not more than 30% by weight),preferably, to 12.5% by weight or more but not more than 30% by weight,more preferably, to 13% by weight or more but not more than 30% byweight. The lower limit of the content of TiO₂ by mol % is preferably12%. Further, for realizing a high-refractivity glass having arefractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more while maintaining the glassstability and imparting the glass with the low-temperature softeningproperty, the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is limited to lessthan 6% by weight, preferably, to 5.5% by weight or less, the contentsof MgO and CaO are limited to 10% or less and 8% or less, respectively,and ZnO is used as an essential component. BaO is a component thatcontributes to higher refractivity among the alkaline earth metaloxides. However, for realizing the low-temperature softening propertywhile maintaining the glass stability, the content of BaO is limited toless than 13% by weight, and the content of BaO is preferably 12.5% byweight or less, more preferably 12% by weight or less. From the point ofview of realizing a glass more suitable for precision press-molding bydecreasing the sag temperature of the glass while maintaining highrefractivity, 2 to 20% (however, over 2 % by weight) of Li₂O isintroduced. Further, the amount of Sb₂O₃ which is optionally added as arefining agent is limited to 1% by weight or less for preventing damageon the molding surface of a press mold by oxidation during precisionpress-molding.

[Glass 8]

The glass 8 is an optical glass comprising, by mol %,

5 to 50% of B₂O₃,

3 to 20% of SiO₂, the content of SiO₂ being less than 8% by weight,

5 to 40% of TiO₂,

1 to 40% of ZnO,

5 to 20% of La₂O₃,

0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃,

0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅,

0 to 10% of ZrO₂,

0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅,

0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃,

0 to 10% of MgO,

0 to 8% of CaO,

0 to 10% of SrO,

0 to 10% of BaO, the content of BaO being less than 13% by weight,

2 to 20% of Li₂O, the content of Li₂O being over 2% by weight,

0 to 5% of Na₂O, and

0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃, the content of Sb₂O₃ being 1% by weight or less,

and having a refractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number(vd) of 35 or less.

In the glass 8, the content of SiO₂ is adjusted to 3 to 20% (however,the content thereof is less than 8% by weight) for increasing therefractive index. However, the content of SiO₂ is preferably 3 to 18%(however, the content thereof is 7.5% by weight or less), morepreferably 5 to 16% (however, the content thereof is 7% by weight orless). Further, for realizing a high-refractivity glass having arefractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more while maintaining the glassstability and imparting the glass with the low-temperature softeningproperty, the contents of MgO and CaO are limited to 10% or less and 8%or less, respectively, and ZnO is used as an essential component. BaO isa component that contributes to higher refractivity among the alkalineearth metal oxides. However, for realizing the low-temperature softeningproperty while maintaining the glass stability, the content of BaO islimited to less than 13% by weight, and the content of BaO is preferably12.5% by weight or less, more preferably 12% by weight or less. From thepoint of view of realizing a glass more suitable for precisionpress-molding by decreasing the sag temperature of the glass whilemaintaining high refractivity, 2 to 20% (however, over 2% by weight) ofLi₂O is introduced. Further, the amount of Sb₂O₃ which is optionallyadded as a refining agent is limited to 1% by weight or less forpreventing damage on the molding surface of a press mold by oxidationduring precision press-molding.

(Glass 9)

The glass 9 is an optical glass comprising, by mol %,

5 to 50% of B₂O₃,

3 to 20% of SiO₂, the content of SiO₂ being less than 8% by weight,

5 to 40% of TiO₂,

1 to 40% of ZnO,

5 to 20% of La₂O₃,

0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃,

0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅,

0 to 10% of ZrO₂,

0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅,

0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃,

0 to 10% of MgO,

0 to 8% of CaO,

0 to 10% of SrO,

0 to 10% of BaO, the content of BaO being less than 13% by weight,

0 to 20% of Li₂O,

0 to 5% of Na₂O, and

0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃,

and having a refractive index (nd) of over 1.88 and an Abbe's number(vd) of 35 or less.

In the glass 9, for realizing a high-refractivity glass having arefractive index (nd) of over 1.88, preferably 1.89 or more, the contentof SiO₂ is adjusted to 3 to 20% (however, the content thereof is lessthan 8% by weight), and the content of SiO₂ is preferably 3 to 18%(however, the content thereof is 7.5% by weight or less), morepreferably 5 to 16%. The lower limit of the content of SiO₂ ispreferably 5%. Further, for maintaining the glass stability andimparting the glass with the low-temperature softening property, thecontents of MgO and CaO are limited to 10% or less and 8% or less,respectively. BaO is a component that contributes to higher refractivityamong the alkaline earth metal oxides. However, for realizing thelow-temperature softening property while maintaining the glassstability, the content of BaO is limited to less than 13% by weight, andthe content of BaO is preferably 12.5% by weight or less, morepreferably 12% by weight or less.

In the glasses 1 to 4, 7 and 9 in which Li₂O is an optional component,preferably, Li₂O is caused to be co-present with the other essentialcomponents for further decreasing the sag temperature and more improvingthe low-temperature softening property. In this case, the content ofLi₂O is preferably 1 to 20%, more preferably 2 to 20%.

The glasses 1 to 9 will be explained with regard to their properties.

The glasses 1 and 3 to 8 have a refractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more,preferably 1.82 or more, more preferably over 1.88, and the glasses 2and 9 have a refractive index (nd) of over 1.88. The glasses 1 to 9still more preferably have a refractive index (nd) in the range of 1.89and more, more preferably in the range of 1.9 and more. The upper limitof the refractive index (nd) is not specially limited. However, when therefractive index (nd) is increased to excess, other properties may beimpaired, so that it is preferred to use a refractive index (nd) of 2.2or less as a standard value of the upper limit for preparing each glasscomposition.

The glasses 1 to 9 have the above refractive index (nd) and also exhibitdispersion properties represented by an Abbe's number (vd) of 35 orless, preferably less than 35, more preferably 34 or less. The lowerlimit of the Abbe's number (vd) is not specially limited. However, whenthe Abbe's number (vd) is decreased to excess, other properties may beimpaired, so that it is preferred to use an Abbe's number (vd) of 23 ormore as a standard value of the lower limit for preparing each glasscomposition.

The above glasses 1 to 9 have a low-temperature softening propertysuitable for precision press-molding, which is represented by a sagtemperature (Ts) of 670° C. or lower, preferably 650° C. or lower. Eachglass has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 620° C. or lower,preferably 600° C. or lower. The lower limit of each of the sagtemperature (Ts) and the glass transition temperature (Tg) is notspecially limited. However, these temperatures are decreased to excess,other properties may be impaired, so that it is preferred to use a sagtemperature (Ts) of 450° C. or higher and a glass transition temperature(Tg) of 400° C. or higher as a standard value of the lower limit forpreparing each glass composition.

The optical glass of the present invention can be produced by preparingoxides, hydroxides, carbonates, nitrates, etc., which correspond toglass components, as glass raw materials, weighing the raw materials soas to obtain an intended glass composition, fully mixing the rawmaterials, then, heating, melting, refining and homogenizing the rawmaterials in a melting vessel such as a platinum vessel, or the like, toobtain a molten glass and causing the molten glass to flow out andshaping it. Each of the above procedures can be carried out inatmosphere, and the method for producing the optical glass can beselected from known methods.

[Precision Press-Molding Preform and Process for Producing the Preform]

The precision press-molding preform of the present invention will beexplained below.

The precision press-molding preform (to be referred to as “preform”hereinafter) of the present invention is characteristically formed ofthe optical glass of the present invention.

The preform is a glass shaped material having a weight equivalent to theweight of a precision press-molded product. The preform is shaped in aproper form depending upon the precision press-molded product, andexamples of the form include the form of a sphere, the form of aspheroid, and the like. The preform is heated so as to have a viscosityenabling press-molding before its press-molding.

The form of the preform including the above form of a spheroid ispreferably a form having one rotational-symmetry axis. The above formhaving one rotational-symmetry axis includes a form having a smoothcontour free of a corner and a dent in a cross section including theabove rotational-symmetry axis, such as a form whose contour is anellipse whose minor axis is aligned with the rotational-symmetry axis inthe above cross section. Further, the following form is preferred. Whenone of angles formed by a line connecting any point on the contour of apreform in the above cross section to the center of the gravity of thepreform on the axis of revolution symmetry and a tangent line contactingthe contour on the above point on the contour is taken as θ, and whenthe above point starts at the axis of revolution symmetry and movesalong the contour, the angle θ monotonously increases from 90°, thendecreases monotonously and then increases monotonously to come to be 90°at the other point where the contour crosses the axis of revolutionsymmetry.

The above preform may have a thin film such as a mold release film onits surface as required. Examples of the mold release film include acarbon-containing film, a self-organizing film, and the like. The abovepreform can provide an optical element having predetermined opticalconstants by press-molding.

The process for producing a preform, provided by the present invention,will be explained below.

The process for producing a preform, provided by the present invention,is a process for producing a precision press-molding preform formed of aglass, which comprises separating a molten glass from a flowing glassand shaping the molten glass into a preform during cooling of the moltenglass,

wherein said glass is the optical glass of the present invention.

In the above production process, the preform is shaped in a step wherethe glass in a molten state is cooled, and the glass can be brought intoa state where a shaped glass can be used as a preform without machiningafter solidification of the glass, so that the above production processhas an advantage that machining processes such as cutting, grinding,polishing, etc., are not required. In the process for producing apreform, provided by the present invention, further, a preform having asmooth surface can be shaped, and the entire surface of the preform is asurface formed by solidification of the glass in a molten state, so thatthe surface is smooth and free of fine scratches caused by grinding orlatent scratches. On the other hand, in the process for producing apreform, provided by the present invention, a preform free of defectssuch as devitrification, etc., is shaped directly from a molten glass.The glass used in the process is therefore required to have suchparticularly excellent stability that the glass does not undergocrystallization from a step in which the glass is caused to flow out toa step in which the glass is shaped into the preform. Having the aboveexcellent stability, the optical glass of the present invention can besuitably used in the process for producing a preform, provided by thepresent invention.

Desirably, the preform is free of a cutting mark called a shear mark onits surface. The shear mark occurs when a molten glass that is flowingout is cut with a cutting blade. When the shear mark remains in a stagewhere the preform has been molded into a precision press-molded product,a portion of such a shear mark constitutes a defect. It is thereforepreferred to preclude the shear mark in a preform stage. The method forseparating a molten glass using no cutting blade so as not to cause anyshear mark includes a method in which a molten glass is caused to dropfrom a flow pipe and a method in which the forward end of a molten glassflow flowing out of a flow pipe is supported and the support is removedat a time when a molten glass gob having a predetermined weight can beseparated (to be referred to as “descent cutting method” hereinafter).In the descent cutting method, a glass is separated at a narrow portiongenerated between the forward end side and the flow pipe side of themolten glass flow, whereby a molten glass gob having a predeterminedweight can be obtained.

Then, the thus-obtained molten glass gob is shaped into a form suitablefor press molding while it is in a softened state, whereby a preform canbe obtained. As a method for shaping the above molten glass gob into apreform, it is preferred to employ a method in which the preform isshaped while the separated glass gob having a predetermined weight iscaused to float, or caused to float mostly so as to decrease its contactto a shaping mold, by applying a gas pressure to the molten glass gob(to be referred to as “float shaping.” hereinafter). The floatingshaping can decrease a contact of the glass having a high temperature tothe shaping mold, so that the cracking of a preform can be prevented.Further, a preform of which the entire surface is formed of a freesurface can be shaped.

In addition to the above method, a preform can be produced by a methodin which a glass block is formed from a molten glass and then processed.A preform formed of the optical glass of the present invention can bealso produced by this method. In the above method, there may be employeda constitution in which a glass block formed of the optical glass of thepresent invention is formed by casting a molten glass into a frame andthe glass block is machined to obtain a preform having a predeterminedweight. Before the machining, preferably, strain-removing treatment isfully carried out by annealing the glass for preventing cracking of theglass.

In any one of the above methods, high quality preforms free of defectssuch as devitrification, striae, scratches, a cracking, etc., can beshaped by the use of the optical glass of the present invention in amolten state, since the optical glass of the present invention has highstability.

[Optical Element and Process for Producing the Same]

The optical element of the present invention will be explained below.

The optical element of the present invention is characteristicallyformed of the above optical glass of the present invention. Due to theoptical properties that the optical glass of the present invention has,various optical elements can be obtained as optical elements of thepresent invention. Examples of the optical elements include variouslenses such as a spherical lens, an aspherical lens, a microlens, etc.,a diffraction grating, a lens with a diffraction grating, a lens array,a prism, and the like.

The optical element of the present invention may be provided withoptical thin films such as an anti-reflection film, a total reflectionfilm, a partial reflection film, a film having spectral characteristics,and the like.

The process for producing an optical element, provided by the presentinvention, will be explained below.

The process for producing an optical element, provided by the presentinvention, comprises heating a precision press-molding preform formed ofa glass and precision press-molding the preform with a press mold,

wherein the above preform is used as the precision press-moldingpreform.

The process for producing an optical element, provided by the presentinvention, comprises heating a precision press-molding preform formed ofa glass and precision press-molding the preform with a press mold,

wherein a preform produced by the above production process is used asthe precision press-molding preform.

The above precision press-molding is also called mold optics molding andis known in the filed of art of the present invention. In an opticalelement, a surface that transmits, refracts, diffracts or reflects lightis referred to as an optical-function surface (for example, the lenssurface of a lens, such as the aspherical surface of an aspherical lensor the spherical surface of a spherical lens corresponds to theoptical-function surface). According to the precision press-molding, theform of molding surface of a press mold is precisely transferred to aglass, so that the optical-function surface can be formed by pressmolding, and it is no longer required to apply machine processes such asgrinding, polishing, etc., for finishing the optical-function surface.

Therefore, the process for producing an optical element, provided by thepresent invention, is suitable for producing optical elements such as alens, a lens array, a diffraction grating, a prism, and the like, and isparticularly suitable as a process for highly productively producingaspherical lenses.

According to the process for producing an optical element, provided bythe present invention, all of the above optical elements having theabove optical properties can be produced. Further, since the opticalglass has a low glass transition temperature (Tg), the press moldingtemperature can be decreased, so that damage on the molding surface of apress mold can be decreased, and the lifetime of the press mold can behence increased. Further, since the optical glass constituting thepreform has high stability, the devitrification of the optical glass canbe effectively prevented in the re-heating and pressing steps. Further,a series of steps beginning with the melting of the optical glass andending with the obtainment of a final product can be highly productivelycarried out.

As a press mold for the precision press-molding, there can be used aknown press mold, such as a press mold formed from a refractory ceramicmold material such as silicon carbide, zirconia, alumina, or the likeand provided with a mold release film on the molding surface of the moldmaterial. Above all, a press mold formed from silicon carbide ispreferred, and a carbon-containing film or the like can be used as amold release film. A carbon film is particularly preferred from theviewpoint of durability and a cost.

In the precision press-molding, desirably, a non-oxidizing atmosphere isemployed as an atmosphere during the precision press-molding formaintaining the molding surface of the press mold under good conditions.As a non-oxidizing gas, nitrogen, a mixture of nitrogen with hydrogen,or the like is preferred.

The precision press-molding for use in the process for producing anoptical element, provided by the present invention, includes thefollowing two embodiments, precision press-molding 1 and precisionpress-molding 2.

(Precision Press-Molding 1)

The precision press-molding 1 is a method in which the press mold andthe preform are heated together and the preform is precisionpress-molded with the press mold.

In the precision press-molding 1, preferably, the precisionpress-molding is carried out by heating the press mold and the abovepreform together to a temperature at which the glass constituting thepreform exhibits a viscosity of 10⁶ to 10¹² dPa·s.

Further, desirably, a precision press-molded product are taken out ofthe press mold after they are cooled to a temperature at which the aboveglass exhibits a viscosity of 10¹² dPa·s or higher, more preferably 10¹⁴dPa·s or higher, still more preferably 10¹⁶ dPa·s or higher.

Under the above conditions, not only the form of the molding surface ofthe press mold can be more precisely transferred to the glass, but alsothe precision press-molded product can be taken out without causing anydeformation.

(Precision Press-Molding 2)

The precision press-molding 2 is a method in which the preform that hasbeen pre-heated separately from the press mold is introduced into thepress mold that has been pre-heated and the preform is precisionpress-molded.

In the precision press-molding 2, the above preform is heated before itsintroduction into the press mold, so that the cycle time can bedecreased, and at the same time there can be produced an optical elementthat is free of surface defects and has an excellent surface accuracy.

Preferably, the temperature for pre-heating the press mold is set at atemperature lower than the temperature for pre-heating the preform. Thetemperature for pre-heating the press mold is set at a lower temperaturein this manner, so that the abrasion of the press mold can be decreased.

In the precision press-molding 2, preferably, the above preform ispre-heated to a temperature at which the glass constituting the preformexhibits a viscosity of 10⁹ dPa·s or less.

Further, it is preferred to pre-heat the above preform while it iscaused to float. Further, the above preform is preferably pre-heated toa temperature at which the glass constituting the preform exhibits aviscosity of 10^(5.5) to 10⁹ dPa·s, more preferably, a viscosity of10^(5.5) dPa·s or higher but lower than 10⁹ dPa·s.

Preferably, the cooling of the glass is initiated simultaneously withthe initiation of the pressing or during the pressing.

The temperature of the press mold is set at a temperature lower than thetemperature for pre-heating the above preform, and a temperature atwhich the above glass exhibits a viscosity of 10⁹ to 10¹² dPa·s can beused as a standard value.

In the above method, preferably, the precision press-molded product istaken out of the mold after it is cooled to a temperature at which theabove glass exhibits a viscosity of 10¹² dPa·s or more.

An optical element obtained by the precision press-molding is taken outof the press mold, and it is gradually cooled as required. When themolded product is an optical element such as a lens, or the like, thesurface of the optical element may be coated with an optical thin filmas required.

EXAMPLES

The present invention will be more specifically explained with referenceto Examples hereinafter. The present invention shall not be limited bythese Examples.

Oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, nitrates, etc., which corresponded toglass components were used as glass raw materials, the glass rawmaterials were weighed so as to obtain each of compositions shown inTables 1-1 to 1-5 and fully mixed, and each of mixtures was separatelyfrom the others placed in a platinum crucible and melted under heat at atemperature in the range of 1,200 to 1,250° C. in an electric furnacewith stirring in atmosphere for 2 to 4 hours. Each homogenized andrefined glass melt was separately cast into a 40×70×15 mm mold made fromcarbon and allowed to cool gradually to its glass transitiontemperature. Immediately thereafter, each glass was placed in anannealing furnace and annealed around the glass transition temperaturefor 1 hour. In the furnace, then, each glass was allowed to coolgradually to room temperature, to give optical glasses Nos. 1 to 34shown in Tables 1-1 to 1-5.

When each of the obtained glasses was observed by enlarging it through amicroscope, no precipitation of a crystal was found, nor was a non-meltremainder found.

Each of the thus-obtained glasses was measured for a refractive index(nd), an Abbe's number (vd), a transition temperature (Tg) and a sagtemperature (Ts) as follows, and Table 2 shows the results.

(1) Refractive Index (nd) and Abbe's number (vd)

Optical glasses obtained by setting the gradually cooling temperature at−30° C./hour were measured.

(2) Glass Transition Temperature (Tg) and sag Temperature (Ts)

Measured with an apparatus for thermomechanical analysis supplied byRigaku Corporation at a temperature elevation rate of 4° C./minute.

As shown in Table 2, all of the glasses had desired refractive indexes,Abbe's numbers (vd) and sag temperatures and exhibited excellentlow-temperature softening properties and meltability, so that they weresuitable as an optical glass for precision press-molding.

Each of refined and homogenized molten glasses having compositions Nos.1 to 34 shown in Tables 1-1 to 1-5 was separately caused to flow at aconstant rate out of a pipe formed of a platinum alloy which wastemperature-adjusted to a temperature region in which the glass wasstably flowable without undergoing devitrification, and molten glassgobs each having a weight of a preform as an end product were separatedby a dropping method or a descent-cutting method. Each of the moltenglass gobs was separately received with a receiving mold having agas-ejecting port in its bottom, and each glass gob was shaped into apress-molding preform while the glass gobs were caused to float byejecting a gas from the gas-ejecting port. The preforms were shaped inthe form of a sphere or a flattened sphere by adjusting and setting thetiming of separation of molten glass. The weights of the thus-obtainedpreforms were precisely in agreement with the corresponding set values,and all of the preforms had smooth surfaces.

Separately, each of the molten glasses was cast into a frame to formplate-shaped glasses, and the plate-shaped glasses were annealed andthen cut to obtain glass blocks. The surface of each block was groundand polished to give preforms whose entire surfaces were smooth.

The thus-obtained preforms whose entire surfaces were formed bysolidification of glasses in a molten state and the preforms obtained bygrinding and polishing the surfaces of the glass blocks were precisionpress-molded with a press machine shown in FIG. 1, to give asphericallenses. Specifically, a preform 4 was placed between a lower mold member2 and an upper mold member 1 which constituted a press mold togetherwith a sleeve member 3, then, a nitrogen atmosphere was introduced intoa quartz tube 11, and a heater 12 is electrically powered to heat aninside the quartz tube 11. The temperature in the press mold was set ata temperature at which a glass to be molded exhibited a viscosity of 10⁸to 10¹⁰ dPa·s, and while this temperature was maintained, the upper moldmember 1 was pressed by moving a pressing rod 13 downward to press thepreform set in the press mold. The pressing was carried out under apressure of 8 MPa for 30 seconds. After the pressing, the pressingpressure was removed, the glass molded product was gradually cooled to atemperature at which the above glass exhibited a viscosity of 10¹² dPa·sor higher in a state where the lower mold member and the upper moldmember were in contact with each other. Then, the glass molded productwas rapidly cooled to room temperature and then taken out of the pressmold to give an aspherical lens. The aspherical lenses obtained in theabove manner had remarkably high surface accuracy.

The aspherical lenses obtained by the above precision press-molding wereprovided each with an anti-reflection film as required.

Then, the same preforms as the above preforms were precisionpress-molded by other method. In this method, while a preform was causedto float, the preform was pre-heated to a temperature at which a glassconstituting the preform exhibited a viscosity of 10⁸ dPa·s. Separately,a press mold having an upper mold member, a lower mold member and asleeve member was heated up to a temperature at which the above glassexhibited a viscosity of 10⁹ to 10¹² dPa·s, and the above pre-heatedpreform was introduced into the cavity of the press mold to carry outprecision press-molding of the preform at a pressure of 10 MPa. Upon theinitiation of the pressing, the cooling of the glass and the press moldtogether was initiated, and the cooling was continued until the moldedglass had a viscosity of at least 10¹² dPa·s, and then the moldedproduct was taken out of the mold to give an aspherical lens. Theaspherical lenses obtained in the above manner were lenses havingremarkably high surface accuracy.

The aspherical lenses obtained by the precision press-molding wereprovided each with an anti-reflection film as required.

In the above manner, optical elements formed of the glasses having highinternal quality were highly productively and highly precisely obtained.TABLE 1-1 Table 1-1 No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Corresponding glass Glasses GlassesGlasses Glasses Glasses Glasses 1, 2, 9 1, 2, 9 1˜3, 7, 9 1˜3, 7, 9 1˜3,7, 9 1˜3, 7, 9 B2O3 mol % 23.94 23.94 23.94 23.94 23.94 23.94 wt % 13.4513.68 13.91 14.15 14.08 13.91 SiO2 mol % 14.08 14.08 14.08 14.08 14.0814.08 wt % 6.83 6.94 7.06 7.18 7.15 7.06 TiO2 mol % 19.73 19.73 19.7319.73 19.72 19.72 wt % 12.71 12.92 13.14 13.37 13.32 13.15 ZnO mol %9.86 12.68 15.49 18.31 18.31 18.31 wt % 6.48 8.46 10.52 12.65 12.5912.44 La2O3 mol % 14.08 14.08 14.08 14.08 12.68 12.68 wt % 37.03 37.6538.28 38.94 34.89 34.47 Gd2O3 mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.41 0.00 wt %0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.31 0.00 Nb2O5 mol % 2.82 2.82 2.82 2.82 2.82 2.82wt % 6.04 6.14 6.25 6.35 6.33 6.25 ZrO2 mol % 7.04 7.04 7.04 7.04 7.047.04 wt % 7.00 7.12 7.24 7.36 7.33 7.24 Ta2O5 mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Bi2O3 mol % 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 1.41 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.48 MgO mol % 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 CaO mol % 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 SrO mol %0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 BaO mol% 8.45 5.63 2.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 10.46 7.09 3.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 ROmol % 8.45 5.63 2.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 10.46 7.09 3.60 0.00 0.00 0.00Li2O mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 Na2O mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 Sb2O3 mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 Total mol % 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 wt% 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00(Note)RO represents a total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO.

TABLE 1-2 Table 1-2 No. 7 8 9 10 11 12 Corresponding glass GlassesGlasses Glasses Glasses Glasses Glasses 1˜3, 7, 9 1˜3, 7, 9 1˜3, 7, 91˜3, 7, 9 1˜3, 7, 9 1˜3, 7, 9 B2O3 mol % 23.94 22.22 24.29 21.38 19.7324.46 wt % 14.29 13.30 14.52 12.81 11.85 14.64 SiO2 mol % 14.08 13.8914.29 13.79 13.61 14.39 wt % 7.25 7.17 7.37 7.13 7.06 7.43 TiO2 mol %19.72 19.44 19.98 19.31 19.04 20.13 wt % 13.50 13.35 13.72 13.29 13.1313.84 ZnO mol % 21.13 23.61 18.57 24.83 27.21 17.27 wt % 14.74 16.5212.98 17.39 19.12 12.08 La2O3 mol % 14.08 13.89 14.29 13.79 13.61 14.39wt % 39.34 38.90 39.98 38.68 38.26 40.31 Gd2O3 mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Nb2O5 mol % 2.82 2.78 2.862.76 2.72 2.88 wt % 6.42 6.35 6.52 6.31 6.24 6.58 ZrO2 mol % 4.23 4.174.29 4.14 4.08 4.32 wt % 4.46 4.41 4.54 4.39 4.34 4.57 Ta2O5 mol % 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Bi2O3 mol %0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 MgO mol% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 CaOmol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00SrO mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 BaO mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 RO mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 Li2O mol % 0.00 0.00 1.43 0.00 0.00 2.16 wt % 0.00 0.000.37 0.00 0.00 0.55 Na2O mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sb2O3 mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt %0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total mol % 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00100.00 100.00 wt % 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00(Note)RO represents a total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO.

TABLE 1-3 Table 1-3 No. 13 14 15 16 17 18 Corresponding glass GlassesGlasses Glasses Glasses Glasses Glasses 1˜3, 7, 9 1˜3, 7, 9 1˜4, 7, 91˜4, 7, 9 1˜5, 7 1˜3, 7, 9 B2O3 mol % 24.82 23.94 25.00 25.37 26.1523.53 wt % 14.89 14.43 15.01 15.27 15.81 14.20 SiO2 mol % 14.60 14.0814.71 14.93 15.38 14.71 wt % 7.56 7.33 7.62 7.75 8.03 7.66 TiO2 mol %20.43 19.73 20.58 20.88 21.54 20.58 wt % 14.05 13.64 14.19 14.43 14.9314.26 ZnO mol % 14.60 23.94 13.24 10.45 4.62 13.24 wt % 10.24 16.88 9.297.35 3.26 9.34 La2O3 mol % 14.60 14.08 14.71 14.93 15.38 14.71 wt %40.98 39.74 41.32 42.03 43.53 41.53 Gd2O3 mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Nb2O5 mol % 2.92 2.82 2.94 2.993.08 2.94 wt % 6.69 6.48 6.74 6.86 7.10 6.78 ZrO2 mol % 4.38 1.41 4.414.48 4.62 4.41 wt % 4.65 1.50 4.69 4.77 4.94 4.71 Ta2O5 mol % 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Bi2O3 mol % 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 MgO mol %0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 CaO mol% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 SrOmol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00BaO mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 RO mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 Li2O mol % 3.65 0.00 4.41 5.97 9.23 5.88 wt % 0.94 0.00 1.141.54 2.40 1.52 Na2O mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sb2O3 mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total mol % 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00100.00 wt % 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00(Note)RO represents a total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO.

TABLE 1-4 Table 1-4 No. 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Corresponding glass GlassesGlasses Glasses Glasses Glasses Glasses Glasses 1˜3, 7, 9 1˜3, 7, 9 1˜3,7, 9 1˜3, 7, 9 1˜3, 7, 9 1˜3, 7, 9 1˜3, 7 B2O3 mol % 21.74 20.00 22.6322.63 22.63 22.30 21.99 wt % 13.16 12.14 13.68 13.79 13.90 14.06 14.46SiO2 mol % 14.49 14.29 14.60 14.60 14.60 14.39 14.18 wt % 7.57 7.48 7.617.68 7.74 7.83 8.05 TiO2 mol % 20.29 19.99 20.44 20.43 20.43 20.13 19.86wt % 14.07 13.92 14.17 14.28 14.40 14.57 14.99 ZnO mol % 15.94 18.5714.60 10.95 7.30 14.39 14.18 wt % 11.28 13.18 10.31 7.80 5.24 10.6010.90 La2O3 mol % 14.49 14.29 14.60 14.60 14.60 12.95 11.35 wt % 41.0540.57 41.29 41.62 41.96 38.19 34.92 Gd2O3 mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Nb2O5 mol % 2.90 2.862.92 2.92 2.92 2.88 2.84 wt % 6.70 6.62 6.74 6.79 6.85 6.92 7.12 ZrO2mol % 4.35 4.29 4.38 4.38 4.38 4.32 4.26 wt % 4.66 4.60 4.68 4.72 4.764.81 4.95 Ta2O5 mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Bi2O3 mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 MgO mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 CaO mol % 0.000.00 0.00 3.65 7.30 2.88 5.67 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.79 3.61 1.46 3.01SrO mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 BaO mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 RO mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.65 7.30 2.885.67 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.79 3.61 1.46 3.01 Li2O mol % 5.80 5.71 5.845.84 5.84 5.76 5.67 wt % 1.51 1.49 1.51 1.53 1.54 1.56 1.60 Na2O mol %0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 Sb2O3 mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total mol % 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00100.00 100.00 wt % 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00(Note)RO represents a total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO.

TABLE 1-5 Table 1-5 No. 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 Corresponding glassGlasses Glasses Glasses Glasses Glasses Glasses Glasses Glasses Glasses1, 3˜7 1˜9 1, 3˜7 1˜9 1˜3, 7, 9 1, 2, 9 1˜3, 7, 9 1˜5, 7, 9 1˜3, 7, 9B2O3 mol % 27.01 26.15 29.69 29.69 22.63 22.63 22.30 26.15 20.00 wt %18.87 15.72 18.45 18.32 13.37 13.08 13.88 15.81 12.14 SiO2 mol % 14.6012.31 15.63 9.38 14.60 14.60 14.39 15.38 14.29 wt % 8.80 6.38 8.38 4.997.44 7.28 7.73 8.03 7.48 TiO2 mol % 20.43 21.54 18.74 21.86 20.43 20.4320.13 21.54 19.99 wt % 16.37 14.86 13.37 15.48 13.86 13.56 14.38 14.9313.92 ZnO mol % 14.60 7.69 4.69 7.81 10.95 7.30 14.39 4.62 18.57 wt %11.92 5.41 3.41 5.64 7.56 4.93 10.47 3.26 13.18 La2O3 mol % 8.76 15.3814.84 14.06 14.60 14.60 12.95 15.38 14.29 wt % 28.64 43.28 43.17 40.6140.37 39.49 37.73 43.53 40.57 Gd2O3 mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Nb2O5mol % 2.92 3.08 2.34 3.13 2.92 2.92 2.88 3.08 2.86 wt % 7.79 7.06 5.567.36 6.59 6.44 6.84 7.10 6.62 ZrO2 mol % 4.38 4.62 4.69 4.69 4.38 4.384.32 4.62 4.29 wt % 5.42 4.91 5.16 5.12 4.58 4.48 4.76 4.94 4.60 Ta2O5mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Bi2O3 mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 MgO mol% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 CaO mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 SrO mol %0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.88 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 2.67 0.00 0.00 BaO mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.65 7.30 0.000.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.75 9.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 RO mol %0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.65 7.30 2.88 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.004.75 9.29 2.67 0.00 0.00 Li2O mol % 7.30 9.23 9.38 9.38 5.84 5.84 5.769.23 5.71 wt % 2.19 2.38 2.50 2.48 1.48 1.45 1.54 2.40 1.49 Na2O mol %0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sb2O3 mol % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000.00 0.00 wt % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total mol %100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 wt %100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00(Note)RO represents a total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO.

TABLE 2 Glass transition Sag Refractive Abbe's number temperature (Tg)temperature No. index (nd) (νd) [° C.] (TS) [° C.] 1 1.90996 31.39 628678 2 1.91491 30.55 624 674 3 1.91870 30.35 618 668 4 1.92306 30.00 615664 5 1.92181 29.99 616 664 6 1.93390 28.51 606 654 7 1.91623 30.13 606655 8 1.92175 30.01 605 654 9 1.91507 30.13 593 644 10 1.92393 29.98 602651 11 1.92937 29.88 600 651 12 1.91394 30.22 590 640 13 1.91224 30.27583 634 14 1.90840 30.22 600 647 15 1.91131 30.23 579 634 16 1.9086630.12 575 627 17 1.90336 30.34 571 624 18 1.91418 30.07 566 622 191.91949 30.01 564 619 20 1.92439 29.92 561 617 21 1.91646 29.97 568 62222 1.91795 30.10 573 626 23 1.91944 30.40 578 631 24 1.90521 30.60 561615 25 1.89323 31.40 552 608 26 1.87618 29.13 544 595 27 1.91261 29.54556 612 28 1.87167 32.22 569 619 29 1.90800 29.72 553 604 30 1.9111930.36 572 627 31 1.90548 30.78 576 631 32 1.90829 30.06 565 618 331.90336 30.34 571 624 34 1.92439 29.92 561 617

INDUSTRIAL UTILITY

According to the present invention, there can be obtained an opticalglass having a high refractive index and a low sag temperature andhaving a low-temperature softening property enabling precisionpress-molding, and precision press-molding preforms and optical elementssuch as various lenses, etc., can be produced from the above opticalglass.

1. An optical glass comprising, by mol %, 5 to 50% of B₂O₃, 3 to 50% ofSiO₂, 5 to 40% of TiO₂, 1 to 40% of ZnO, 5 to 20% of La₂O₃, 0 to 10% ofGd₂O₃, 0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅, 0 to 10% of ZrO₂, 0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅, 0 to 10%of Bi₂O₃, 0 to 10% of MgO, 0 to 8% of CaO, 0 to 10% of SrO, 0 to 10% ofBaO provided that the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is 15% orless, 0 to 20% of Li₂O, and 0 to 5% of Na₂O, optionally containing Sb₂O₃as a refining agent, and having a refractive index (nd) of 1.8 or moreand an Abbe's number (vd) of 35 or less.
 2. An optical glass comprising,by mol %, 5 to 50% of B₂O₃, 3 to 50% of SiO₂, 5 to 40% of TiO₂, 1 to 40%of ZnO, 5 to 20% of La₂O₃, 0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃, 0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅, 0 to10% of ZrO₂, 0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅, 0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃, 0 to 10% of MgO, 0 to8% of CaO, 0 to 10% of SrO, 0 to 10% of BaO, the content of BaO beingless than 13% by weight, provided that the total content of MgO, CaO,SrO and BaO is 15% by weight or less, 0 to 20% of Li₂O, 0 to 5% of Na₂O,0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃, and having a refractive index (nd) of over 1.88 and anAbbe's number (vd) of 35 or less.
 3. An optical glass comprising, by mol%, to 50% of B₂O₃, 3 to 50% Of SiO₂, 5 to 40% of TiO₂, 1 to 40% of ZnO,5 to 20% of La₂O₃, 0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃, 0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅, 0 to 10% ofZrO₂, 0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅, 0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃, 0 to 10% of MgO, 0 to 8% ofCaO, 0 to 10% of SrO, 0 to 10% of BaO, provided that the total contentof MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is less than 6% by weight, 0 to 20% of Li₂O, 0to 5% of Na₂O, and 0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃, the amount of Sb₂O₃ being 1% byweight or less, and having a refractive index of 1.8 or more and anAbbe's number (vd) of 35 or less.
 4. An optical glass comprising, by mol%, 25 to 50% of B₂O₃, the content of B₂O₃ being over 15% by weight, 3 to50% Of SiO₂, 5 to 40% of TiO₂, 1 to 40% of ZnO, 5 to 20% of La₂O₃, 0 to10% of Gd₂O₃, 0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅, 0 to 10% of ZrO₂, 0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅, 0to 10% of Bi₂O₃, 0 to 10% of MgO, 0 to 8% of CaO, 0 to 10% of SrO, 0 to10% of BaO, the content of BaO being less than 13% by weight, providedthat the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is less than 15% byweight, 0 to 20% of Li₂O, 0 to 5% of Na₂O, and 0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃, theamount of Sb₂O₃ being 1% by weight or less, and having a refractiveindex (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number (vd) of 35 or less.
 5. Anoptical glass comprising, by mol %, 5 to 50% of B₂O₃, 3 to 50% of SiO₂,5 to 40% of TiO₂, 1 to 40% of ZnO, 5 to 20% of La₂O₃, 0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃,0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅, 0 to 10% of ZrO₂, 0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅, 0 to 10% ofBi₂O₃, 0 to 10% of MgO, 0 to 8% of CaO, 0 to 10% of SrO, 0 to 10% ofBaO, the content of BaO being less than 13% by weight, provided that thetotal content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is less than 15% by weight, 2 to20% of Li₂O, the content of Li₂O being over 2% by weight, 0 to 5% ofNa₂O, and 0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃, the amount of Sb₂O₃ being 1% by weight orless, and having a refractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe'snumber (vd) of 35 or less.
 6. An optical glass comprising, by mol %, 25to 50% of B₂O₃, the content of B₂O₃ being over 17% by weight, 3 to 50%Of SiO₂, 5 to 40% of TiO₂, 1 to 40% of ZnO, 5 to 20% of La₂O₃, 0 to 10%of Gd₂O₃, 0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅, 0 to 10% of ZrO₂, 0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅, 0 to10% of Bi₂O₃, 0 to 10% of MgO, 0 to 8% of CaO, 0 to 10% of SrO, 0 to 10%of BaO, the content of BaO being less than 13% by weight, 2 to 20% ofLi₂O, the content of Li₂O being over 2% by weight, 0 to 5% of Na₂O, and0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃, the amount of Sb₂O₃ being 1% by weight or less, andhaving a refractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number (vd)of 35 or less.
 7. An optical glass comprising, by mol %, 5 to 50% ofB₂O₃, 3 to 50% of SiO₂, 12 to 40% of TiO₂, the content of TiO₂ beingover 12% by weight but not more than 30% by weight, 1 to 40% of ZnO, 5to 20% of La₂O₃, 0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃, 0 to 15% of Nb₂O₅, 0 to 10% of ZrO₂,0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅, 0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃, 0 to 10% of MgO, 0 to 8% of CaO, 0to 10% of SrO, 0 to 10% of BaO, the content of BaO being less than 13%by weight, provided that the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO isless than 6% by weight, 0 to 20% of Li₂O, 0 to 5% of Na₂O, and 0 to 1%of Sb₂O₃, the amount of Sb₂O₃ being less than 1% by weight, and having arefractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number (vd) of 35 orless.
 8. An optical glass comprising, by mol %, 5 to 50% of B₂O₃, 3 to20% of SiO₂, the content of SiO₂ being less than 8% by weight, 5 to 40%of TiO₂, 1 to 40% of ZnO, 5 to 20% of La₂O₃, 0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃, 0 to 15%of Nb₂O₅, 0 to 10% of ZrO₂, 0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅, 0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃, 0 to10% of MgO, 0 to 8% of CaO, 0 to 10% of SrO, 0 to 10% of BaO, thecontent of BaO being less than 13% by weight, 2 to 20% of Li₂O, thecontent of Li₂O being over 2% by weight, 0 to 5% of Na₂O, and 0 to 1% ofSb₂O₃, the amount of Sb₂O₃ being 1% by weight or less, and having arefractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number (vd) of 35 orless.
 9. An optical glass comprising, by mol %, 5 to 50% of B₂O₃, 3 to20% of SiO₂, the content of SiO₂ being less than 8% by weight, 5 to 40%of TiO₂, 1 to 40% of ZnO, 5 to 20% of La₂O₃, 0 to 10% of Gd₂O₃, 0 to 15%of Nb₂O₅, 0 to 10% of ZrO₂, 0 to 5% of Ta₂O₅, 0 to 10% of Bi₂O₃, 0 to10% of MgO, 0 to 8% of CaO, 0 to 10% of SrO, 0 to 10% of BaO, thecontent of BaO being less than 13% by weight, 0 to 20% of Li₂O, 0 to 5%of Na₂O, and 0 to 1% of Sb₂O₃, and having a refractive index (nd) ofover 1.88 and an Abbe's number (vd) of 35 or less.
 10. The optical glassof claim 1, which contains 1 to 20 mol % of Li₂O.
 11. The optical glassof claim 1, which contains over 27% by weight of La₂O₃.
 12. The opticalglass of claim 1, which contains 16% by weight or less of TiO₂.
 13. Theoptical glass of claim 1, which contains over 27% by weight of La₂O₃ and1 to 20 mol % of Li₂O.
 14. The optical glass of claim 1, wherein thecontent of CaO is less than 5% by weight.
 15. The optical glass of claim1, which has a sag temperature of 670° C. or lower.
 16. The opticalglass of claim 1, which is for use in precision press-molding.
 17. Aprecision press-molding preform formed of the optical glass recited inclaim
 15. 18. A process for producing a precision press-molding preformformed of a glass, which comprises separating a molten glass from aflowing glass and shaping the molten glass into a preform during coolingof the molten glass, wherein said glass is the optical glass recited inclaim
 15. 19. An optical element formed of the optical glass recited inclaim
 1. 20. A process for producing an optical element, which comprisesheating a precision press-molding preform formed of a glass andprecision press-molding the preform with a press mold, wherein thepreform recited in claim 17 is used as the precision press-moldingpreform.
 21. A process for producing an optical element, which comprisesheating a precision press-molding preform formed of a glass andprecision press-molding the preform with a press mold, wherein a preformproduced by the process recited in claim 18 is used as the precisionpress-molding preform.
 22. The process for producing an optical elementas recited in claim 20, wherein the press mold and the preform areheated together to precision press-mold the preform with the press mold.23. The process for producing an optical element as recited in claim 20,wherein the press mold is pre-heated, and the preform is pre-heatedseparately from the press mold and introduced into the pre-heated pressmold to precision press-mold the preform with the press mold.